Form an LLC in Texas

Texas combines no state personal income tax with a large domestic market, but LLCs must track the state's franchise tax filing requirement each year, separate from formation.

Quick Facts

Texas LLC at a glance

Filing authorityTexas Secretary of State
Formation documentCertificate of Formation
Registered agentA registered agent with a physical Texas address is required.
Ongoing state filingTexas LLCs must file an annual Franchise Tax Report (a "Public Information Report") with the Texas Comptroller, even if no franchise tax is owed.
Tax considerationTexas has no state personal income tax, but LLCs may owe Texas franchise tax once revenue exceeds the state's no-tax-due threshold, which changes periodically.
Step by Step

How to form an LLC in Texas

Choose and check your LLC name

Pick a name that is distinguishable from other businesses already on file with the Texas Secretary of State and that includes a required designator such as "LLC" or "Limited Liability Company." Most states let you search name availability online before you file.

Appoint your registered agent

A registered agent with a physical Texas address is required. This is the person or company that receives legal notices and official state correspondence on the LLC's behalf.

File your Certificate of Formation

Submit your formation document to the Texas Secretary of State, either online or by mail depending on what the state offers, along with the required filing fee.

Wait for state approval

Once the Texas Secretary of State processes and approves the filing, it issues an approved copy of your formation document — this is your LLC's official proof of existence.

Draft an Operating Agreement

Even in states that don't legally require one, an Operating Agreement spells out ownership percentages, management structure, and how decisions get made — and most U.S. banks will ask to see one before opening a business account.

Apply for an EIN with the IRS

An Employer Identification Number is a separate federal step from state formation and is generally needed to open a bank account, file taxes, and hire employees. See our EIN explained guide.

Open a U.S. business bank account

Keeping business funds separate from personal funds is central to preserving the liability protection an LLC is meant to provide. Banks typically require the approved formation document, EIN confirmation letter, and Operating Agreement.

Stay compliant going forward

Texas LLCs must file an annual Franchise Tax Report (a "Public Information Report") with the Texas Comptroller, even if no franchise tax is owed. Missing these ongoing requirements is one of the most common ways owners accidentally lose good standing.

Budgeting

What it costs to form and maintain a Texas LLC

One-time state filing fee

Paid directly to the Texas Secretary of State when your Certificate of Formation is filed. States set and periodically change this amount, so we don't publish a figure here that could go stale — check the official Texas Secretary of State site or contact us for current, confirmed pricing.

Registered agent

Free if you qualify to act as your own agent and have a physical Texas address. Otherwise, a professional registered agent service charges an annual fee for a reliable in-state address and mail handling.

Ongoing compliance

Texas LLCs must file an annual Franchise Tax Report (a "Public Information Report") with the Texas Comptroller, even if no franchise tax is owed.

Forming a foreign LLC from Texas

A Texas LLC actively doing business in another state may need to register there as a foreign LLC, in addition to its Texas formation.

Non-U.S. residents

Non-U.S. residents can generally form an LLC in Texas using a registered-agent service and, where required, a U.S. mailing address — no Social Security Number, U.S. visa, or U.S. citizenship is needed to be an LLC owner. The two federal identifiers that matter afterward are different things: an EIN identifies the business to the IRS, while an ITIN identifies an individual for U.S. tax-filing purposes and is only needed if you personally have a U.S. tax-filing obligation. See our general guide on non-U.S. residents forming a U.S. LLC.

Taxes & Federal IDs

Taxes and EIN for your Texas LLC

How an LLC is taxed by default

By default, the IRS treats a single-member LLC as a "disregarded entity" and a multi-member LLC as a partnership — meaning profits pass through to the owners' own tax returns rather than being taxed a second time at the entity level. An LLC can also elect corporate or S-corporation tax treatment where it qualifies. These federal default rules are the same regardless of which state the LLC is formed in.

Texas-specific tax notes

Texas has no state personal income tax, but LLCs may owe Texas franchise tax once revenue exceeds the state's no-tax-due threshold, which changes periodically. To open a bank account, file taxes, or hire employees, the LLC itself will need an EIN — see EIN explained. If you personally need to file a U.S. tax return and don't have a Social Security Number, you may separately need an ITIN — see ITIN services or the full LLC vs EIN vs ITIN comparison.

Management Structure

Member-managed vs. manager-managed

Member-managed

All owners (members) participate directly in daily decisions and can bind the LLC in contracts. This is the more common default for small, owner-operated businesses and is often the simplest structure when there are just one or a few owners.

Manager-managed

One or more designated managers run daily operations while non-manager members stay more passive, similar to shareholders in a corporation. This structure is common for larger LLCs, family-owned entities, or where non-U.S. owners prefer to designate a specific person to handle day-to-day matters.

Texas's LLC law permits either structure. Depending on the state, this choice may need to be indicated on the Certificate of Formation itself — check the Texas Secretary of State's filing instructions — and it should always be documented in detail in the LLC's Operating Agreement.

Texas FAQ

Common questions

Does every Texas LLC owe franchise tax?

Not necessarily. Texas applies a no-tax-due threshold; LLCs under that revenue level generally owe no franchise tax but must still file the required report.

What document forms a Texas LLC?

A Certificate of Formation filed with the Texas Secretary of State.

Can a non-U.S. resident form a Texas LLC?

Yes. Texas does not require LLC owners to be U.S. citizens or residents.

How long does it take to form an LLC in Texas?

Processing times depend on the Texas Secretary of State's current workload and on the filing method used — online filings are generally processed faster than filings submitted by mail. Check the Texas Secretary of State's website for current processing times, or contact us and we'll give you an up-to-date estimate before you file.

Can I be my own registered agent in Texas?

In most states, an LLC owner who has a physical street address (not a P.O. box) in the formation state can act as their own registered agent. In practice, many owners — especially those living outside Texas or outside the United States — use a professional registered agent service instead, so official mail and legal notices are reliably received and privacy is preserved.

What is the difference between member-managed and manager-managed?

In a member-managed LLC, the owners (members) handle day-to-day decisions and can sign contracts on the LLC's behalf directly. In a manager-managed LLC, the members appoint one or more managers — who may or may not also be owners — to run daily operations, while non-manager members stay more passive. Most states, including Texas, allow either structure; some also ask you to indicate the choice on the formation filing itself, while all states let you document it in the Operating Agreement.

Do I need a separate business license in Texas?

Possibly, in addition to LLC formation. Many cities, counties, and specific industries (such as food service, contracting, or professional services) require their own business license or permit, separate from registering the LLC with the Texas Secretary of State. Requirements depend on where the business is located and what it does — we can help you identify what applies to your situation.

What happens if I miss a compliance deadline in Texas?

Missing a required report, publication step, or fee generally causes the LLC to fall out of "good standing" and, if left unresolved, can lead to administrative dissolution by the Texas Secretary of State. Most states allow reinstatement within a certain window, sometimes with a late penalty attached, so it's worth acting quickly if you receive a compliance notice.

Filing rules, forms, and requirements are set by the state and can change. Confirm current requirements with the Texas Secretary of State before filing. Sangemeel.LLC does not display filing fees on this page because state fees change; contact us for current, confirmed pricing.

Form your Texas LLC

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